Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV), commonly known as clubfoot, is a congenital condition where a baby’s foot is twisted inward and downward at birth. The condition affects the bones, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels of the foot and can range from mild to severe. Key aspects of CTEV include: 1. Appearance: The foot points downward and inward, and the arch may appear more pronounced. 2. Cause: The exact cause is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. In some cases, it may occur as part of a syndrome or due to neuromuscular conditions. 3. Diagnosis: Usually diagnosed at birth, and sometimes detected via ultrasound during pregnancy. 4. Treatment: The most common treatment is the Ponseti method, which involves gentle manipulation of the foot followed by casting to gradually correct the position. In some cases, surgery may be required if the deformity is resistant to conservative treatment. 5. Prognosis: With early and appropriate treatment, most children with CTEV lead normal, active lives, though some may require ongoing therapy or additional surgeries to maintain mobility and alignment. Dr Abhishek Kumar